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  • open section  Why was south-east Asia valuable to the West?
    • Sugar, rubber, tobacco, coconut, tin and oil
  • open section  What two ideas took hold in the colonies of south-east Asia during the Second World War?
    • Nationalism and Communism
  • open section  Where was the Southeast Asian Youth Conference held and when?
    • Calcutta, in February 1948
  • open section  What seems to have been planned at the Southeast Asian Youth Conference?
    • Uprisings in Malaya, Burma, Indonesia and the Philippines
  • open section  What were the communist protests in Thailand in 1952 called?
    • The 'Peace rebellion'
  • open section  What was the Chinese Nationalist movement/government called?
    • The Guomindang
  • open section  Who was their leader?
    • Chiang Kai-shek
  • open section  Who was the Chinese Communist leader?
    • Mao Zedong
  • open section  When was the communist ‘People’s Republic of China’ proclaimed?
    • October 1949
  • open section  What agreement did Mao sign in December 1949, and with whom?
    • The Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance with the USSR
  • open section  Where did China conquer in 1950?
    • Tibet
  • open section  At what parallel was Korea divided
    • The 38th
  • open section  Democratic People’s Republic and the Democratic Republic of Korea – which was which?
    • Democratic Republic of Korea: South Korea (pro-western)
    • Democratic People’s Republic: North Korea (communist)
  • open section  Who were the two leaders of North and South Korea after the partition?
    • North: Kim Il Sung
    • South: Syngman Rhee
  • open section  Name the two communist rebellions against South Korea in the years 196-1950.
    • Daegu Uprising (October 1946)
    • Jeju Island (April 1948)
  • open section  What name was given to the communist freedom-fighters against the Japanese in Indo-China during WWII?
    • The Vietminh
  • open section  Who were their two leaders
    • Ho Chi Minh and Vo Nguyen Giap
  • open section  Who broke the ceasefire of March 1946, and when?
    • The French, in November 1946
  • open section  What strategic outpost in Vietnam did the communist capture which brought the war to an end?
    • Dien Bien Phu
  • open section  At what parallel was Vietnam divided
    • The 17th
  • open section  Who became the US-backed ruler of South Vietnam in 1954
    • Ngo Dinh Diem
  • open section  Who coined the terms ‘domino theory’
    • US President Eisenhower
  • open section  What US foreign policy strategy did NSC68 recommend to end – and what to put in its place?
    • National Security Council report NSC 68 recommending that America abandon 'containment' and start 'rolling back' Communism
  • open section  When did Kim Il Sung visit Stalin, and how did this help cause of the Korean War?
    • March 1949 – he persuaded Stalin t support an invasion of South Korea
  • open section  What excuse did Syngman Rhee give to the North Koreans?
    • He boasted that he was going to attack North Korea
  • open section  When did the North Korean People's Army invade South Korea?
    • 25 June 1950
  • open section  What did the UN do?
    • It passed a resolution supporting South Korea (27 June 1950)
  • open section  Who led the UN counter-attack, and where did it land?
    • American General MacArthur led a UN amphibious landing at Inchon (15 September 1950)
  • open section  Who went to the aid of the North Koreans?
    • Half-a-million Chinese soldiers
  • open section  What did Eisenhower threaten?
    • To use the atomic bomb if China did not stop fighting.
  • open section  When was a truce finally agreed?
    • 27 July 1953
  • open section When did Stalin die? Who became the new leader of Russia
    • 1953: Nikita Khrushchev.
  • open section What were the meetings between the superpower leaders called?
    • Summits
  • open section What did Khrushchev tell Tito in 1955?
    • ‘There are different roads to Communism.’
  • open section What did Khrushchev say about Stalin in 1956?
    • He said he was a murderer and a tyrant.
  • open section What was Khrushchev’s policy called? What did he really mean by it?
    • ‘Peaceful co-existence’: but he meant ‘peaceful competition’
  • open section What was de-stalinisation? Why was it dangerous for world peace?
    • Political prisoners were set free. It destabilised Iron Curtain countries.
  • open section How did Khrushchev build up support in countries like Afghanistan and Burma?
    • Economic aid.
  • open section What was the first satellite and when was it launched?
    • Sputnik, 1957.
  • open section Who was the first astronaut to orbit the earth, and when did he do it?
    • Yuri Gagarin, 1961.
  • open section When did Russia get the hydrogen bomb?
    • 1953.
  • open section What was the military alliance set up by Khrushchev, and what countries were in it?
    • Warsaw Pact:
    • USSR
    • Albania
    • Bulgaria
    • Czechoslovakia
    • East Germany
    • Hungary
    • Poland
    • Romania.
  • open section Which American senator led a ‘witch-hunt’ for communists in America?
    • Joseph McCarthy
  • open section What did NATO agree to in 1955 in West Germany?
    • A West German army of half a million men.
  • open section How did America spy on Russia?
    • U-2 planes.
  • open section Name THREE Cold War crises after 1955-60.
    • 1956 Poland
    • 1956 Hungary
    • 1960 U-2 crisis
  • open section Who led the Polish riots of 1956?
    • Railway workers
  • open section Which Polish Communist kept control of Poland?
    • Gomulka
  • open section List the FIVE reasons for the Hungarian uprising.
    • Poverty
    • Russian control
    • Catholic Church
    • Help from the West
    • Destalinisation
  • open section Who rioted in Hungary on 23 October 1956, and what did they do?
    • Smashed Stalin’s statue, attacked the AVH and Russian soldiers.
  • open section Who became the Prime Minister of Hungary?
    • Imre Nagy
  • open section What FOUR reforms did the rebels order?
    • Democracy
    • Freedom of speech
    • Freedom of religion
    • Leave the Warsaw Pact
  • open section What FIVE reasons led Russia to send in the tanks? Which was the most important?
    • Hungary wanted to leave the Warsaw Pact: this was the most important.
    • China asked Russia to act
    • Hungary seemed to be turning capitalist
    • Hard-line Communists in the Russian government
    • Khrushchev realised the West would not help.
  • open section How many tanks invaded Budapest.
    • 1000
  • open section Why did Britain and France not help Hungary?
    • Britain and France were involved in the Suez crisis
  • open section Who was the President of America in 1956? Why did he not help Hungary?
    • Eisenhower. He did not think Hungary worth a war.
  • open section Why did the UN not help Hungary?
    • Russia used its veto.
  • open section Who did Khrushchev put in charge of Hungary?
    • Janos Kadar
  • open section How many Hungarians fled to Austria?
    • 200,000
  • open section What did Khrushchev demand from America in 1959?
    • That America withdraw from West Berlin.
  • open section With whom did Khrushchev argue about kitchens in 1959?
    • American Vice-President Richard Nixon.
  • open section What crisis began on 5 May 1960.
    • U-2 crisis.
  • open section Which summit meeting was ruined because of the crisis?
    • Paris Summit, 14 May 1960.

 

 


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